Topic
Effect of Amino Acid Change on Phenotype
Instructions
Write a short essay on effects of Amino Acid Change on Phenotype
Answer Preview
The commonest types of mutations at the DNA level are the base substitutions and base deletions/additions. Base substitutions can further be classified as either transitions or transversions. There are two main consequences of the different categories of point mutations, and these are the missense and nonsense mutations. In missense mutations, the codon for one amino acid is replaced by a codon for another amino acid. In the case of nonsense mutation, on the other hand, the codon for one amino acid is replaced by a translation-termination codon. Nonsense mutations have a considerable effect on protein function as they lead to a premature termination of translation. Nonsense mutation, on the other hand, may produce completely inactive proteins. Point mutations depend on the location and whether it disrupts the particular target site for RNA binding. Some examples of proteins that may undergo point mutations include hemoglobin, enzymes, candida albicans, influenza virus, and immunoglobulin.
Word Count: 750