Pharmacological and Physiological Antagonism

Topic

Discussion: Pharmacological and Physiological Antagonism

Instructions

Pharmacological and Physiological Antagonism

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, read the required chapters from the text and review the required articles for this week. Alcohol and caffeine have nearly opposite effects on behavior and the nervous system, yet these substances are not used to treat overdose or addiction to the other. Why not use caffeine to treat alcohol addiction? Analyze the issues of pharmacological and physiological antagonism. Explain the receptor systems involved and the central nervous system structures effects with regard to this question. Frame your analysis in terms of drug action first and other consequences second.

Articles

Macluluch, A. M. J., Anand, A., Davis, D. H. J., Jackson, T., Barugh, A. J., Hall, R. J., Ferguson, K. J., …Cunningham, C. (2013). New horizons in the pathogenesis, assessment and management of delirium. Age and Aging, 42(6), 667-674. doi: 10.1093/ageing/aft148

      • The full-text version of this article can be accessed through the PubMed Central database in the Ashford University Library. This author of this article examines the cause, management, and treatment of delirium.

Ridley, N. J., Draper, B., & Withall, A. (2013). Alcohol-related dementia: An update of the evidence. Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy, 5(1), 3-11. doi: 10.1186/alzrt157

    • The full-text version of this article can be accessed through the PubMed Central database in the Ashford University Library. This author of this article examines the cause, management, and treatment of delirium.

khanacademymedicine. (2013, October 24). Alzheimer’s disease and Korsakoff’s syndrome [Video file]. Retrieved from http://youtu.be/qWfwRbSrQMU?list=PL8T3L0Uv8x9nWOGYQ0Q4-AUcAvLavw2oA

      • This video provides information on two important forms of dementia.

khanacademymedicine. (2014, June 25). Reward pathway in the brain [Video file]. Retrieved from http://youtu.be/YzCYuKX6zp8

    • This video provides information on the reward pathway and its’ role in addiction.

Answer Preview

The concept of antagonism for drugs describes a situation where the combined or joint effect of two or more drugs or substances is less than the total of the effect that each agent produces when acting individually (Patil, 2004). Physiological antagonism occurs when an agonist and antagonist act at the same time, but at two separate and independent sites, producing independent but opposite effects (Patil, 2004). Pharmacological antagonism, on the other hand, occurs when the antagonist and agonist agents induce their action at the same site.

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